DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38017/22487735.616Palavras-chave:
atopia, colágeno, estrato corneano, hipersensibilidade tipo I, hipersensibilidade tipo IVResumo
Dermatite são patologias frequentes na consulta de pequenos animais, sendo uma condição inespecífica que ameaça o bem-estar de cães e felinos e afeta a dinâmica da família desses indivíduos. Dentro do grupo de dermatite, o atópico tornou-se uma condição difícil de diagnóstico e tratamento. Sabe-se que a dermatite atópica canina (ACD) é multifatorial e depende da predisposição genética de indivíduos e estímulos ambientais, que podem ser afetados pelas mudanças climáticas. A resposta imune complexa nos caninos nos permitiu entender a dermatite atópica humana, tornando-se um modelo médico para pesquisa. Essa inflamação alérgica é mediada por uma resposta de hipersensibilidade tipo I ou IV, sendo semelhante em cães e humanos. Os mastócitos, células com presença importante na pele canina, facilitam o recrutamento de leucócitos, favorecem a adesão e a diapedese dessas células, permitindo que a resposta inflamatória seja exagerada. Nas citosinas de resposta imune, fator de necrose tumoral, natural killer, entre outros, que facilitam a comunicação entre a imunologia inata e adquirida, levando à resposta imune complexa e permitindo que a resposta imune-mediada ocorra. Além disso, a partir da resposta imune individual, o DCA pode ser complicado pela contaminação secundária de microrganismos, que levam a suas próprias respostas imunes, dependendo de sua natureza. Este documento pretende expor da conformação anatômica da pele e de sua resposta imune a apresentação da DCA.
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